Alkenes and Alkynes

Here are some basic facts:

-Carbon can form double and triple bonds with Carbon atoms
-When multiple bonds from fewer hydrogens are attached to the carbon atom

Alkenes

Alkenes are simply hydrocarbons with one or more double bonds located between carbon atoms leading to an "unsaturated hydrocarbon."

For example: CH2 = CH2 Ethene

CH2 = CH - CH3             1-propene or propene

                                                                            Ethene

Naming Rules:

1) Find the longest chain and place it at the end of the name

2) Number the carbon atoms to get the lowest number for the start of the double bond and place that number before the parent name

3) Assign names and numbers for all side groups and assemble the name alphabetically

Difference between cis and trans:

Cis = both on top or bottom

Trans = one on top and one on bottom



Alkynes

Alkynes are simply hydrocarbons with one or more triple bonds located between carbon atoms leading to an "unsaturated" hydrocarbon

The ending is changed from one of the alkanes and alkene for alkenes to "yne" for alkynes

Same naming/drawing rules apply!

Still feeling confused? Here are some helpful videos:

Naming Alkenes

Naming and Drawing Alkynes

Naming AND drawing Alkenes (25 minutes long!)